ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the expression of Apelin and Snail proteins in breast cancer and their relationship with the clinicopathological features and prognosis.@*Methods@#The expression of Apelin and Snail proteins was detected by immunohistochemistry in 89 cases of breast cancer and 50 cases of mammary adenosis collected from January to June in 2008 at Fujian Cancer Hospital; the expression was correlated with the clinicopathological features and outcome of the patients.@*Results@#Apelin and Snail were expressed in 42 cases(47.2%)and 36 cases(40.4%)of breast cancers, respectively, and the expression was higher than that of control group (P<0.01). The expression of Apelin was positively correlated with Snail (r=0.230, P<0.05). Apelin expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM staging(P<0.05). Snail expression was associated with lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the prognosis of Apelin positive group was worse than that of Apelin negative group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in prognosis between Snail negative and positive groups (P>0.05). The prognosis of Apelin and Snail in both positive groups was worse than that of Apelin and Snail both negative groups (P<0.01). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that Apelin and TNM staging could be used as independent prognostic factors for breast cancer (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Apelin and Snail are highly expressed in breast cancer, and associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. There is a positive correlation between Apelin and Snail expression, which may suggest a role in breast carcinogenesis. The prognosis of breast cancer with expression of Apelin and co-expression of Apelin and Snail is poor. Therefore, Apelin may be used as an effective indicator to evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the irradiation-increased krebs yon den lungen-6 (KL-6) in predicting radiation pneumonitis (RP) after lung cancer radiotherapy.Methods A total of 87 hospitalized patients with Ⅰ-Ⅲ stages of lung cancer from June 2015 to December 2015 were followed up,and their clinicopathological data and serum KL-6,transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)before and 3 months after radiotherapy were analyzed to determine their role in predicting RP induction in lung cancer.Results Among the 87 lung cancer patients based on clinical symptoms and chest CT,13 patients were diagnosed with ≥2 grape RP.Before radiotherapy,the average levels of serum KL-6 were (247 ± 105.44) U/ml in 13 patients with ≥ 2 grape RP and (209 ± 71.09) U/ml in 74 cases 0/1 grape RP,respectively.Within 3 months after radiotherapy,the highest level of KL-6 approached to (456 ± 202.84) and (222 ± 80.42) U/ml with increase ratios of 2.01 ± 1.04 and 1.13 ± 0.60 in the ≥2 grape RP and 0/1 grape RP,respectively.The difference of KL-6 levels between these two groups was significant (t =2.901,P ＜ 0.005).While the levels of TGF-β1 and LDH did not change.ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity of the ratio of serum KL-6 increased after radiotherapy was 0.923％ and the specificity was 0.851％ at 1.435 as the critical value.Furthermore,the multi-variate logistic regression analysis showed that the ratio of KL-6 increased as an independent risk factor of ≥ 2 grade RP in lung cancer (OR =12.886,95％ CI =3.372-49.247,P =0.002).Conclusions The increased ratio (≥ 1.435) of KL-6 is closely correlated with the ≥2 grape RP in lung cancer,which could be used as a predictor of ≥2 grape RP in lung cancer.